主题：宗教的基督和历史上的耶稣 -- texasredneck

Modernity typically refers to a post-traditional, post-medieval historical period, one marked by the move from feudalism (or agrarianism) toward capitalism, industrialization, secularization, rationalization, the nation-state and its constituent institutions and forms of surveillance (Barker 2005, 444). Conceptually, modernity relates to the modern era and to modernism, but forms a distinct concept. Whereas the Enlightenment invokes a specific movement in Western philosophy, modernity tends to refer only to the social relations associated with the rise of capitalism. Modernity may also refer to tendencies in intellectual culture, particularly the movements intertwined with secularisation and post-industrial life, such as Marxism, existentialism, and the formal establishment of social science. In context, modernity has been associated with cultural and intellectual movements of 1436–1789 and extending to the 1970s or later (Toulmin 1992, 3–5).

Der Begriff Moderne in der Geschichte Europas, Amerikas und Australiens bezeichnet einen Umbruch in allen Lebensbereichen gegenüber der Tradition. In der Querelle des Anciens et des Modernes (1687) war Moderne“ noch ein Gegenbegriff zu Antike“. Erst im 19. Jahrhundert wurde es üblich, mit dem Wort Moderne die Gegenwart von der Vergangenheit allgemein abzugrenzen. In der Philosophie faellt die Moderne mit der Aufklaerung zusammen.